Understanding The Origins of The Subaru Brand

It may come as a surprise to learn that Subaru andtail-wheels from military aircraft! It is also interesting to
parent company Fuji Heavy Industries, can trace itsnote that the Rabbit made it to the market a full six
roots back to the obscurely named "Aircraft Researchmonths prior to the very first Vespa scooter.
Laboratory" founded by Chikuhei Nakijima in 1917.Changes to prevailing corporate law in 1950 forced Fuji
Previous to this, while enrolled at the Japanese navalSangyo to separate into a further twelve autonomous
academy, and at age 19, Nakijima became captivatedcompanies. In 1953 Fuji Heavy Industries (FHI) was
by the notion of human flight, and the romanceformed as an aircraft manufacturing, maintenance and
associated with taking to the skies on hearing of thesales company through the combined investment of
Wright brother's first successful powered flight. Thisfive of the original companies formed from the
quickly led to Nakijima working on the production ofbreak-up of Fuji Sangyo. Two years later these five
aircraft for the Japanese navy. Ultimately less thaninvestors merged with the newly created FHI, beginning
satisfied with simply building aircraft, Nakijima becamethe modern era of FHI's business activities as we
more and more absorbed in the development aspectsknow today.
of aircraft, culminating in leaving the Naval academy toEarly in 1954 the prototype of FHI's very first
found the aforementioned Aircraft Researchpassenger car was produced, known creatively as the
Laboratory.P-1. Then president of FHI Kenji Kita, made it a priority
Very quickly this new company was renamed as theto come up with a dedicated name for the fledgling
Nakijima Aircraft Co. Ltd., rapidly becoming one ofcar making division of FHI, by conducting an
Japan's leading aircraft design and manufacturinginter-company poll.
companies in the ensuing years leading up to, andUltimately unsatisfied with the suggestions made, Kita
including the period during World War II. Following thechose instead to use a name dear to his own heart,
defeat of Japan in 1945, and the total collapse of theand that of the Japanese people. For both the Chinese
domestic aircraft industry, Nakijima Aircraft wasand Japanese, the cluster of six visible stars known as
renamed Fuji Sangyo Co. Ltd., and began the task ofPleiades in the west, is known by the name Subaru.
adapting design and production techniques learnedFor the Japanese, literally translated, Subaru means "to
from aircraft production into the manufacture of motorgather together or to govern" and is sometimes
scooters and bus body building.translated as meaning "unity". It is interesting to note
Reacting to the demand for cheap personal transport,that FHI was created out of the merger of six
in June 1946 Fuji Sangyo, after studying for six monthsdifferent companies, demonstrating what an evocative
a Powell Streamliner scooter (as used by Americanname Subaru is for the Japanese.
service personnel of the time) produced their ownThe P-1 became the Subaru 1500, which ultimately
interpretation of this existing design. Called the Fujifailed to be a sales success for FHI for a variety of
Rabbit, it proved to be an instant success with thereasons, but in 1958 Subaru hit on the right mini-car
local population who appreciated its step-throughformula for the masses with the Subaru 360. The 360
design, low centre of gravity and satisfactorywas a small four-seat car and went on to sell
performance. Propulsion was by a 1.5kW 135ccsuccessfully for eleven years.
air-cooled engine and made use of surplus wartimeThe rest, is as they say, history!